CIVIL0010.1 Coventry Use Of Cork As Building Material Assignment ReWriting Help Hello ,, I want full paraphrasing for this assessment I need plagiarism les
CIVIL0010.1 Coventry Use Of Cork As Building Material Assignment ReWriting Help Hello ,, I want full paraphrasing for this assessment I need plagiarism less than 5%** paraphrase every word and every line of this assessment Materials 2
CIVIL 0010.1
Course work project
Use of cork as building material
Submitted to: Dr, Omar al obidi
Submitted by: Youssef Zeinab
Id : 16f15852
Summer 2019
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Table of content
Abstract
Introduction
Materials
Result and discussion
Conclusion
Reference
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4-5
5-12
13-14
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16-17
Table of figures
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
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10
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Table of graphs
Graph 1
Graph 2
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Abstract
The main aim of this report is to discuss the importance of cork, how it is used in
construction and how it beneficial to construction companies as well as to the environment.
Cork is extracted from Oak trees. The mode of extraction makes it easier for extractors, and
they do not have to cut down the Oak tree. Cork can be modified into circles or any other
desirable shapes on boards, and this makes it easier for the constructors to easily cut and
install it on ceilings when lining the walls or on the floor. The paper discussed some of the
properties of cork and some of its application. It also discusses the advantages of cork in
construction.
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1.0. Introduction
Cork is a material that has been applied in various operations for hundreds of years
some of these operations relating to building, though it was first seen as a floating artifact and
was widely used in the beginning of the 20th century (Wicanders, 2018). Due to its floating
effect, cork was used to manufacture fishing nets as it was light and it could float on water.
The sponge-like material originates from trees. At times, cork is used as an insulating
material against sound, heat, water, or even electricity. Notably, in ancient times, as noted by
ArchNews (2018), cork was used to manufacture sandals, and later, it became an important
material for the manufacturing of pipes.
Cork is extracted from Oak trees. The mode of extraction makes it easier for
extractors, and they do not have to cut down the Oak tree. Extractors remove the bark of the
Oak tree and cork flows out. The first harvest of a cork from an Oak tree occurs when the tree
is about 25 to 30 years old. The subsequent harvesting occurs at intervals of 9 to 10 years.
After harvesting, cork is then left in the open air for about six months, it is then boiled for
disinfection, and it is ready for maneuverability. As noted by Wicanders (2018), cork is used
in hospitals and laboratories because it is anti-static.
Cork is very identical considering it is a multicolored substance with black, brown
and green colors. According to ArchNews (2018), cork is very easy to clean, maintain, and it
is resistant to heat. Other than its lightweight, cork is easy to modify. As such, constructors
and other prominent real estate, people are able to design cork into various decorative shapes.
Cork can be modified into circles or any other desirable shapes on boards, and this makes it
easier for the constructors to easily cut and install it on ceilings when lining the walls or on
the floor. Whether lining the walls or installing cork floors, constructors must clean the
surface and apply a certain amount of glue in order to achieve the best results (Wicanders,
2018).
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In building operations, constructors mix cork granules with concrete in order to
produce a low-density mixture and a mixture that conducts heat and absorbs energy. In recent
years, there have been increasing concerns about the type of construction materials to use,
especially due to the increasing environmental concerns. As such, many construction
companies have advocated for cork as it is an environmentally friendly material. Regardless
of the various benefits of cork, there are some negative aspects of cork though not many.
When installed cork floors or walls are exposed to light for long a long period of time, some
dark spots can appear. Also, cork is highly affected by strong solvents like chlorinated
solvents (Alabadi, 2015).
The main aim of this report is to discuss the importance or the use of cork as a
building material and how it beneficial to construction companies as well as to the
environment. However, the paper also focuses on discussing the properties of cork and how it
is applied in construction.
2.0. Materials
2.1. Properties of Cork
Cork, a honey-like structured substance has various uses, especially in construction.
Each cell of the cork structure has many sides. As Corklink (2015) concurs, the cell
membrane from each of the cells helps the material to resist water and air. Statistically, cork
bark is 89% air, which makes it have a very low density. Nevertheless, when compressed, the
air is not squeezed out since the strong cell membranes do not release it. As such, even after
compression, cork retains the original shape. There are various properties of cork. These
include:
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2.1.1. Resilient and Elastic
The resilience and elastic nature of cork are evident when it is compressed. Cork is
very flexible, and after compression, it always restores its original form irrespective of the
amount of pressure it was exposed to. The incompressible nature of cork is evident is bottle
caps. For instance, in wines, the bottle caps used to close the bottlenecks are made of cork.
After popping out the bottle cap, the air inside moves out rapidly and the bottle cap swells
instantly to resume its original size. When it restores its original form, it is difficult to put the
bottle cap back. Thus, cork can be said to be elastic and resilient (Corklink, 2015).
2.1.2. Light
As mentioned earlier, cork has a low density. Cork has a light weight, which makes it
float on the surface of the water. This explains why it is widely used in making fishing nets.
Moreover, the strong cell membranes in cork help it not to let out the air or allow water in to
gain density. Thus, cork is able to retain a low-density nature.
2.1.3. Insulation
Cork acts as an insulator. As noted by Corkinstitute (2013), this is because it contains
strong cell membranes which are sealed air pockets that offer opportunities for insulation.
Even though cork powder is highly flammable, the natural form of cork is resistant to flames.
2.1.4. Impermeable
Impermeable means that nothing can penetrate through it. The cell membrane that
forms cork makes make the material to be highly impermeable. Thus, no air or water can
penetrate it. The chemical that forms the cell membrane is composed of a mixture of heavy
organic alcohol and fatty acids, which prevents the cork material from decomposing or
rotting (Corkinstitute, 2013). The impermeable nature of cork makes it the best material to be
used for sealing.
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2.1.5. Durable
Cork is durable because it has high friction stability, which makes the material
resistant to repeated actions of friction. As such, Corklink (2015) notes that cork is among the
most used materials to make shoe soles, and it is also used in industrial applications that need
high levels of resistance.
2.1.6. Hypoallergenic
According to Corkinstitute (2013), cork does not absorb dust. Thus, materials made of
cork such as walls or floors are easy to clean since dust only covers the surface. Moreover,
the anti-allergic properties of cork make it ideals for people with asthma and allergies.
2.2 Tests to Check Cork Properties
2.2.1. The Compression Test
The compression test is mainly used to determine how cork behaves when
compressed. Particularly, this is done by pushing loads from all direction to test various
variables like deformation.
2.2.2. Tensile Test
As noted by Allabout-building (2016), the tensile test is used to determine cork
behaves when subjected to a force of tension. In addition, the tensile test is performed under
high temperatures and optimum pressures in order to assess the maximum weight that cork
can withstand. Moreover, through a tensile test, the properties of cork can be determined as
the material is elongated until it breaks.
2.2.3. Bend Test
Basically, the bend test assesses the bending strength and fracture of cork. This test is
used to determine the results of bending.
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3.0 Application of Cork
In the construction world today, the various advantages of cork have made it one of
the best materials for development. Cork has served as an innovative solution for
development techniques in many countries. Cork is easily modified. Thus, constructors take
this advantage to produce new construction ways that are appealing to the eye. Cork is
applicable in construction in the following ways:
3.1. Cork Walls
Cork walls are among the many architectural styles that are widely used today. These
walls are made from sheets of cork that weight about 60 kg per square meter. In construction,
the sheets of cork are bonded together to the wall with a thick layer od compressed cement.
As noted by Allabout-building (2016), the design and the spread of walls varies from one
company to the other. Figure 1 below shows a house constructed with cork walls. Notably,
there are various advantages of using cork walls in the architecture. These include:
Figure 1: A House Constructed with Cork Walls
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3.2. Speed
As estimated by many architectures and engineers, the use of cork walls in
construction saves about 20% of the time. In finishing works, cork materials are even seven
times faster than any other construction material. Allabout-building (2016) notes that the
reason behind this is because electricity and water connections can be made on cork walls
than any other walls.
3.3. Strength and Coherence
Cork walls are strong and cohesive because of the iron mesh that is used to surround
the cork sheets on both sides when making walls. This strengthens the outer layer of the wall
making it more powerful and cohesive. As such, Allabout-building (2016) notes that the
walls become more resilient to earthquakes, and they are susceptible to the side or vertical
shocks.
3.4. Easy to control
Unlike other building blocks, cork walls are light weighted and have a low density. As
a result, this makes it easier to be applied in any architectural design. As noted by Allaboutbuilding (2016), the average weight of cork construction sheets is 15 kg per square meter,
thereby facilitating any control processes. Figure 2 below shows how cork walls are used for
construction.
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Figure 2: Use of Cork in the Construction of Walls
3.5. Resistant to Natural Agents
Humidity, heat, and wind are some of the natural factors that affect construction
works. Nonetheless, walls constructed from clay are not easily affected by these factors.
Walls constructed from cork are resistant to moisture. Thus, that do not rust over time. Cork
walls are not affected by heat because they are heat insulated. Hence, despite the weather
conditions, cork walls are not affected. According to Abdualmunam (2018), this makes cork
walls the ideal construction tool in crowded or noisy towns.
3.6. Low Cost
As Abdualmunam (2018) purports, cork walls are considered to be very expensive
because the panels used are pricy. However, looking at all other aspects, cork walls are quite
economical as compared to other constriction methods even though they are pricy. Installing
cork walls does not require a lot of workers, and no large construction equipment is needed.
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This means that the total construction cost of building houses with cork walls is less
expensive than houses constructed with other methods.
4.0. Sound Insulation by Use of Cork
For sound insulation, cork is used in the following applications:
4.1. Sound Insulation in Floors
For years, carpets have been used for sound insulation. However, in the current
construction world, cork has been identified as the best sound insulator while installing on the
floor (Aqartalk, 2012). Since cork is a sound insulation material, it is best applicable in
reducing sound. Figure 3 below shows how cork is installed on the floor to reduce sound.
Figure 3: Sound Insulation on the Floor Using Cork.
4.2. Sound Insulation on the Doors and Windows
Like on floors, cork is used to insulate sound on the windows and doors. Alabadi
(2015) assert that this insulation is done by installing doors made from compressed corks. In
windows, placing the cork on the edges of the window insulates sound.
4.3. Sound Insulation on the Walls and Roofs
Other than the floor, windows, and doors, sound insulation is also done on the walls.
On the walls, cork fills the caps between cement and walls (Alabadi, 2015). On the roofs,
sound insulation is done by roofing with polystyrene made with corks. On both walls and
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roofs, cork pieces are glued on the surfaces. Figure 4 below shows how cork walls are
installed to insulate sound.
Figure 4: Insulation of Sound on the Walls Using Cork Materials.
5.0. Advantages of Cork as Building Materials
Basing the argument on the information provided above, many construction companies
have started to use cork in their construction. Cork, as noted by Allabout-building (2016), has
been used to construct skyscrapers due to the following advantages:
•
Cork serves as the alternative construction method from the traditional methods.
•
Constructing building using cork saves time
•
A structure built from cork materials is resistant to heat, sounder, and cold.
•
It is faster to construct using cork materials than any other materials.
•
Use of cork is less expensive since only a few people are needed and no large
equipment is needed.
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6.0. Results and Discussions
To test the behavior of cork on an axial tensile load, Pereira (2010) conducted a
tensile test whereby he used two raw material of cork both good and poor quality. The
elasticity of cork was tested by adding pressure on the materials, and it was elongated to test
fracture. This was done on a cork material with a density of between 0.123 to 0.203 g/cm3.
The permeability of the material was tested on a transverse surface of between 2.8-2.9%. The
results of this test revealed that the cork samples were 1-2% elastic, and the elasticity
coefficient was 30.8 MPa. In addition, the fracture of the material was revealed at 1.05 MPa
when strained on a 7.1% transverse surface.
The results of the test revealed that cork samples from the good quality raw materials
had the highest strength. According to Pereira (2010), the density of the materials had some
effects on the flexibility of the cork. The relationship between elongation and stress fracture
was less obvious, making their relationship less significant. Pereira noted that fracture was
affected by the wood damaged cork. Graph 1 below represents the results of the tensile test
on the cork.
Graph1: Tensile Test Results on Cork.
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The Elasticity coefficient of the pressure on pressing was calculated by relating the
stress and the tension of the materials. The results obtained, as indicated in Graph 2 below,
were between 0.015 MPa and 0.1 MPa. According to Pereira (2015), the test was continued,
and 6.5 MPa was realized. Here, it was much easier to identify the density of the cork. It is
important to note that the average sample size of materials for this test was 60 mm. 5 samples
were analyzed. The pressure for each sample test was at 5 mm per minute. The results for the
test are shown in Graph 2.
Graph 2: Compression Test Results on Cork
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7.0. Conclusion
As discussed above, cork has been identified to be an important construction material
in the construction world today. The report indicated the various reasons why cork is
identified to be among the best construction material nowadays. Some of the identifiable
advantages of cork are that cork saves construction time, constructing with cork is fast, and it
is cost effective as it does not require a lot of workers of large equipment when constructing
with cork. In addition, cork has been identified to be a sound insulator which is installed on
the walls, roofs, doors, and windows.
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8.0. References
(Materials, 2019) [Accessed 28 Aug. 2019].Materials, C. (2019). Construction and Building Materials. [online]
Journals.elsevier.com. Available at:
https://www.journals.elsevier.com/construction-and-building-materials
Floor Critics. (2019). [Accessed 28 Aug. 2019]. Cork Flooring: 2019 Fresh Reviews, Best Brands, Pros vs Cons.
[online] Available at:
Cork Flooring: Reviews, Best Brands & Pros vs. Cons
Don't use plagiarized sources. Get Your Custom Essay onCIVIL0010.1 Coventry Use Of Cork As Building Material Assignment ReWriting Help Hello ,, I want full paraphrasing for this assessment I need plagiarism lesJust from $13/Page
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