James Madison High School United States History Since 1877 Discussion Unit 6 Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and prope

James Madison High School United States History Since 1877 Discussion Unit 6

Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure to number your answers. Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.

1.What was the “domino theory”?

2.How did US involvement in Vietnam change during the Kennedy and Johnson administration?

3.Why did Americans disagree about the Vietnam War?

4.Why was 1968 considered the most turbulent year of the 1960’s?

5.What was Vietnamization?

6.What policies did Nixon employ to end the war?

7.How was the political and cultural aftermath of the Vietnam War different from previous international conflicts?

Unit 7

Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure to number your answers.

Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.

1.How were the protest techniques used by student protesters similar and different from those of the civil rights movement?

2.How did the counter culture movement affect the nation?

3.What events revitalized the women’s movement?

4.What political and economic gains did women make during this time?

5.Why did many Mexicans migrate to the United States from the early to mid-1900’s, and how did this affect American society?

Unit 8

Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure to number your answers.

Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.

1.Summarize President Nixon’s major domestic and foreign policy initiatives.

2.What do you think was Nixon’s greatest foreign policy achievement?

3.Write a description of the major events of the Watergate scandal in order.

4.How much power can a president wield to ensure national security?

5.What economic conditions or problems led to a stagnant economy during the 1970’s?

6.How did Presidents Ford and Carter try to resolve the nation’s domestic issue?

7.How did African American civil rights leaders change their reform focus?

8.How did civil rights legislation protect the civil rights of people with disabilities?

9.What concerns inspired the environmental movement?

10.How did new laws passed in this time period protect the environment?

Unit 9

Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure to number your answers.

Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.

1.What are some core ideas of conservatives?

2.Why did the budget deficit rise during the Reagan presidency?

3.Why did President Reagan build up the military?

4.How did discount retailing and new forms of media contribute to the economic boom of the 1980’s?

5.Why did new activist groups form in the 1980’s?

6.How did Gorbachev’s attempts to revive the Soviet union’s economy lead to a revolution?

7.How did the end of the cold War lead to more global US military conflicts?

Unit 10

Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure to number your answers.

Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.

1.For what purpose did Bosnian Serbs practice ethnic cleansing?

2.During his presidential term, what domestic policy areas did President Clinton focus on?

3.How did the Clinton administration provide foreign aid to areas of conflict around the world?

4.How has the federal government addressed immigration reform in the twenty-first century?

5.How have advances in telecommunications and the rise of the Internet affected the US standard of living?

6.What major actions marked the beginning of the United States war on terrorism?

7.Why did the United States want to overthrow the Taliban regime?

8.What were the successes and failures of President George W. Bush’s second term?

9.What other major domestic events defined Barack Obama’s first years as president?

10.What issues and events attracted supporters for Barack Obama’s presidential campaign? Unit 6
Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling
and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure
to number your answers. Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer
these questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What was the “domino theory”?
How did US involvement in Vietnam change during the Kennedy and Johnson administration?
Why did Americans disagree about the Vietnam War?
Why was 1968 considered the most turbulent year of the 1960’s?
What was Vietnamization?
What policies did Nixon employ to end the war?
How was the political and cultural aftermath of the Vietnam War different from previous international
conflicts?
Unit 7
Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling
and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure
to number your answers.
Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How were the protest techniques used by student protesters similar and different from those of the civil
rights movement?
How did the counter culture movement affect the nation?
What events revitalized the women’s movement?
What political and economic gains did women make during this time?
Why did many Mexicans migrate to the United States from the early to mid-1900’s, and how did this affect
American society?
Unit 8
Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling
and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure
to number your answers.
Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Summarize President Nixon’s major domestic and foreign policy initiatives.
What do you think was Nixon’s greatest foreign policy achievement?
Write a description of the major events of the Watergate scandal in order.
How much power can a president wield to ensure national security?
What economic conditions or problems led to a stagnant economy during the 1970’s?
How did Presidents Ford and Carter try to resolve the nation’s domestic issue?
How did African American civil rights leaders change their reform focus?
How did civil rights legislation protect the civil rights of people with disabilities?
What concerns inspired the environmental movement?
10. How did new laws passed in this time period protect the environment?
Unit 9
Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling
and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure
to number your answers.
Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
What are some core ideas of conservatives?
Why did the budget deficit rise during the Reagan presidency?
Why did President Reagan build up the military?
How did discount retailing and new forms of media contribute to the economic boom of the 1980’s?
Why did new activist groups form in the 1980’s?
How did Gorbachev’s attempts to revive the Soviet union’s economy lead to a revolution?
How did the end of the cold War lead to more global US military conflicts?
Unit 10
Answer the following short answer questions. Use complete sentences and proper spelling
and grammar. Three to four sentences will suffice to answer most of the questions. Be sure
to number your answers.
Remember to refer to your History Notebook as needed to answer these questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
For what purpose did Bosnian Serbs practice ethnic cleansing?
During his presidential term, what domestic policy areas did President Clinton focus on?
How did the Clinton administration provide foreign aid to areas of conflict around the world?
How has the federal government addressed immigration reform in the twenty-first century?
How have advances in telecommunications and the rise of the Internet affected the US standard of living?
What major actions marked the beginning of the United States war on terrorism?
Why did the United States want to overthrow the Taliban regime?
What were the successes and failures of President George W. Bush’s second term?
What other major domestic events defined Barack Obama’s first years as president?
What issues and events attracted supporters for Barack Obama’s presidential campaign?
Unit 5
1. In 1955, Rosa Parks began sparked a new era in the civil rights movement by refusing to give
her seat to a white man. The NAACP supported court cases aimed at overturning segregation
which achieved some victories over the years. Northern Politian’s sought the votes of the African
American community and started to listen to their concerns. This led to many African Americans
benefiting from the New Deal program and supporting the democrat party. CORE began sit-ins at
restaurants that were segregated intending to shame managers into integrating their
restaurants. Brown vs Board of Education was ruled after Linda Brown was denied admissions
to her neighborhood school in favor of desegregation. Many other techniques were used such as
boycotts, peaceful protests led by Dr. King, marches and sit-ins.
2. The bus boycott was successful after Dr. King was elected to lead and negotiate with city
leaders on the segregation of transportation. He inspired African Americans to boycott the
busing for over a year, leading to African Americans walking to work, mobilizing volunteers to
give rides, and meeting with African American Churches to help with the boycott. The nonviolent
protests led to the SCOTUS ruling segregation on buses unconstitutional.
3. The Plessy vs Ferguson case established the “separate but equal” doctrine which declared
segregation to be constitutional. As long as laws that segregated African Americans were
permitted as long as equal facilities were provided. These facilities were often of poorer quality
than those provided for whites. Places without laws requiring segregation had de facto
segregation which was segregation by custom and tradition. The case basically made it easier for
whites to discriminate since it did not eliminate segregation all over.
4. After Kennedy’s death, President Johnson started to work on getting the Civil rights bill
through Congress. The bill passed in the House in February of 1964. Then it stalled in the Senate
for several weeks. Its opponents used the filibuster which is a tactic that Senators speak
continuously to prevent a vote. Finally, in June of 1964, the Senate voted on cloture which ended
to debate and to take a vote on the bill. The bill passed 71-29 letting Johnson sign the bill into law
on July 2, 1964.
5. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, allowed the federal government to fight racial discrimination by
having a comprehensive civil rights law ever enacted by Congress. The law made segregation
illegal in most public places it also gave citizens of all races and nationalities equal access to
public facilities. The law also gave the US attorney general more power to bring lawsuits and
force schools to desegregated and require private employers to end discrimination in the
workforce. It established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) as a permeant
agency. Moreover, the bill simply banned discrimination based on race, religion, gender, and
national region. The bill banned any type of discrimination in the hotel, restaurant, theater, or
entertainment venues.
6. Voting rights were still an issue even after the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed. Even
though the 24th amendment was ratified which eliminates the poll tax in federal elections it still
wasn’t enough to give African Americans their right to vote. In Selma Alabama, Sheriff Clark
deputized and armed dozens of white citizens to prevent African Americans from voting, even
though they only made up 3% of registered voters. This led to Dr. King joining forces with SNCC
activists where they organized the “march for freedom” going from Selma to the state capitol in
Montgomery. As the protestors approached the Edmund Pettus bridge, Sheriff Clark ordered
them to disperse. A brutal attack led by the Sheriff on the protestors was captured on tv,
becoming known as “Bloody Sunday” and outraging many who watched this event including
President Johnson. Days later Johnson appeared on national tv to propose a new voting rights
law. This bill authorized the US attorney general to send federal examiners to register qualified
voters bypassing local officials. The law suspended discriminatory devices such as literacy tests.
By the end of the year, almost 250,000 African Americans were registered to vote. The number of
elected officials that are African American has improved since this bill was signed into law.
7. Racism was still common despite the Civil Rights Act laws. 70% of African Americans lived in
large cities stuck in low-paying jobs with little to not advancements offered. Almost half of
African Americans lived in poverty. Poor neighborhoods were overcrowded and dirty which led
to high rates of illnesses and mortality. Juvenile delinquency and single parent households grew
during this time. Allegations of police brutality severed as the catalyst for the Watts Riots that
lasted 6 days and having more than 14,000 National Guards and 1500 law enforcement officers
to restore the peace in Los Angeles. Riots broke out in many other places after the Watts Riot
causing 43 deaths and more than 1000 wounded in Detroit. Johnson appointed the National
Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, led by Governor Kerner of Illinois to study to causes of
the urban riots. The Kerner Commission would also be blamed for racism in inner-cities. It
concluded that “Our nation is moving towards two societies, one black, one white- separate and
unequal”. The commission recommended the creation of inner-city jobs and construction of new
public housing but was never endorsed by Johnson because of the Vietnam War spending.
8. Many African Americans joined the black power movement because Dr. Kings lack of progress
in Chicago seemed to show that nonviolent protests could do little to solve economic problems.
Some leaders called for a more aggressive approach after many young urban African Americans
began to turn away from Dr. King. Black power stressed pride in the African American cultural
group. It emphasized racial distinctiveness and not adapting to the dominant culture. Malcom X
was seen as the face for the Black Power Movement because his believed in a more aggressive
form of protest.
9. The death of Dr. King caused heartbreak throughout the country and delayed his teachings of
nonviolent protests. Riots across 100 cities broke out including Washington DC. Congress did
pass the Civil Rights Act of 1968, also known as the Fair Housing Act of 1968 after MLK death.
This bill outlawed discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, or national origin when
selling, renting, or financing housing. After Dr. Kings death the movement began to fragment
since laws were in place banning segregation, guaranteeing voting rights, the movement lost is
purpose and vision. The economic struggle was already in place before Dr. Kings death, but it
was clear that the struggle to end poverty would be difficult and need a different approach.
US History Short Answer Example
1. Following World War 1, the Treaty of Versailles put economic stress on Germany, leading
to hostility and anti-democratic governmental decisions. In Germany, the aggressive
nationalism that arose from the treaty would lead to the rise of Nazism by 1932, and in Italy
the aggressive nationalism led to Mussolini creating a facist movement in 1919.
2. Americans supported isolationism because they believed staying isolated would prevent
America from being involved in future wars. They believed a war would make World War 1
redundant. Roosevelt supported internationalism because international trade would increase
trade, boost economy, and support healthy governmental relations, which would prevent
war in a more active way.
3. The Nazis attempted to exterminate the Jewish population by several methods. Jewish
people were denied their rights within Germany, with their citizenships being revoked and
not being allowed to serve in office. Starting in 1941, the Nazis would begin outright
genocide on the Jewish community, starting the Holocaust.
4. World War 2 offered women and minorities more leverage within the war. Women and
minorities were given more jobs within the armed forces, such as clerical positions for
women and codetellers for for Navajo people. However, the war led to less freedom for
Japanese-Americans. Compared to other groups only second-generation, American born,
Japanese-Americans were allowed to serve in the armed forces.
5. The relocation forced the government to enforce wage regulations, set price regulations,
and enforce rationing of food and other supplies. This rationing was done in an attempt to
keep a balance of supplies, and to keep the economy stable while the war was using so many
resources.
6. The Battle of Midway was a turning point because it was one of the Allies’ most important
victories. Midway was an important island for the Japanese during the war, and the raid on
the island forced the Japanese back.
7. Roosevelt and Churchill wished to attack German areas in Africa before those located in
Europe because an invasion in Africa would provide valuable experience for fighting the
Nazi army. Additionally, it would aid the British in their attempts to fight the Nazis in Egypt.
8. To achieve victory in Europe, the Nazis tried to cut off the Allies’ supplies. However,
when the snow cleared, the Allies managed to cut off the German’s food source, essentially
ending the war in Europe. To end the war in Japan, the United States dropped the atomic
bomb on Japan.
9. I don’t agree with President Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bomb. Before the bomb
was dropped, Japan was already negotiating with the Allies to surrender, and although their
condition to keep their emperor was unmoving, I believe dropping the bomb was
hypocritical, as the turning point for the United States joining the war was Japan’s attack on
Pearl Harbor. Dropping the atomic bomb was essentially an act of terrorism, as a large
amount of the thousands of casualties were innocent civilians.
10. The major opinions surrounding the decisions made by Truman consist of those who
didn’t wish for the bombs to be dropped, and others who agreed with Truman. People who
don’t agree with Truman’s decisions argue that targeting civilians was unacceptable, saying
to justify Truman’s actions, you’d also have to permit other acts of wide scale violence against
innocent people. People who do agree with Truman’s decisions say that his decision helped
end the war quicker, stopping the immediate spread of communism.

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