CM 220 Purdue Global University Decreasing Traffic Jams Presentation For this Assignment, you will use technology and the writing skills you have learned t

CM 220 Purdue Global University Decreasing Traffic Jams Presentation For this Assignment, you will use technology and the writing skills you have learned thus far to transform your Unit 8 argument into a digital media presentation appropriate for sharing outside of the classroom environment.

Develop a slide presentation or video that is designed to have a strong impact on the audience by revising the draft you shared in this week’s Discussion. Your digital media presentation is not necessarily testing your design skills, though you should certainly try to practice the design suggestions provided in the WC resources. More importantly, you are practicing your composition skills by applying persuasive strategies in a new context with visual media. You will demonstrate visual rhetoric skills by combining text and images to compel your audience to recognize the importance of your argument for change.
The digital media presentation should have the following characteristics:

A clear argument for change in your community (the one you have been writing about throughout the course)
Designed with a specific audience in mind in order to motivate your viewers to take action or change how they think about the topic 
Slide presentation or video format (contact your instructor for prior approval if you have a different idea for your digital media presentation)
Contains at least 8–10 slides (slide presentation, not including the title and references slide) or lasts approximately 45 seconds to 1 minute (video)
Research from at least four reliable sources to support the main message, including graphics. These can be sources from previous units.
Minimally, two information-oriented visuals like a chart, diagram, or infographic (e.g., photo, table, diagram, chart, etc.) to represent key information in your argument.
Relevant clip art, stock photos, and design templates that are visually engaging and reinforce the overall theme of the presentation.
Research and visuals are cited in APA citation format, both in-text and on a References slide or in a separate Word document. You need to quote material taken directly from a source. The same standards for documenting sources apply to a presentation that apply to an essay.

Note: Do not use the “Notes” section for citation or adding details to help the audience understand. The presentation needs to be clear based on what the audience can see and “Notes” are meant only for the speaker. Your instructor will not review the “Notes” section if you use PowerPoint.
Images that require attribution should have an APA formatted in-text citation and APA formatted reference entry. Please provide the website logo with images that are freely available so that your instructor knows they do not require an APA reference entry.

Noted below are the specific requirements for this unit’s Assignment:

Title page/slide with the presentation title, your name, and course information
PowerPoints must be submitted in .ppt or .pptx format. Turnitin can’t read .pptm files or Keynote files.
If you are submitting a video, Vimeo®, PowToon, Prezi, etc., please submit a separate Word document with the title page, references page, a link to the presentation, and the text for your presentation

Be sure to copy the link to the presentation from the “Share” option rather than the top of your browser.

References to sources, including graphics, are cited in APA 6th Edition style both in-text and on a separate References slide

Attached is my Unit 8 Assignment and a sample Assignment for this*** Running head: DECREASING TRAFFIC JAMS
Decreasing Traffic Jams
Cordero, Araim
Purdue Global
CM 220 College Composition
6 July 2020
1
DECREASING TRAFFIC JAMS
2
In the contemporary setting, traffic jams are very rampant, more so in urban areas. With
an influx in population, it is very hard to manage the ever-increasing number of cars on the road.
Almost everyone has found themselves frustrated as a result of getting stuck in traffic.
Regardless of the developments in road networks in different parts of a city, traffic jams remain
to be one of the biggest problems facing modern cities. In essence, traffic jams lead to a drop in
productivity hours for workers and slow movement of goods, which could potentially lead to a
slow down of a city’s economy. Traffic jams also lead to an increase in wastage of resources
such as fuel, and an upsurge in air pollution in cities. It is broadly agreeable that traffic jams are
stressful, and there is a need for solutions. In Montgomery County, the situation is no different,
and motorists have faced traffic jams for years. There are some possible solutions that the county
administration has proposed to curb the problem. Some of the suggestions revolve around
encouraging people to increase the use of public transportation, carpooling, and to adhere to
traffic rules. While some of these interventions have demonstrated some improvements, there is
need for more comprehensive long term solutions, including the construction of roads in lowertraffic areas. This piece will explore the viability of such infrastructural advancements in solving
traffic jams in Montgomery county. The Montgomery County Highway Department should
consider constructing roads in lower-traffic areas because this will ensure fewer traffic jams, an
improvement to the community, and a decrease in traffic jams during heavy traffic hours.
While exploring solutions to traffic jams, several suggestions have previously been put in
place. According to (Saber et al., 2020) “urban traffic often exhibits high spatial correlation in
which links adjacent to a congested link are more likely to become congested”. But it is prudent
to ask, why have the alternate solutions not materialized that well, and how will construction of
roads in lower-traffic areas be different. First, it is apt to acknowledge the fact that there is no
DECREASING TRAFFIC JAMS
3
one pertinent solution that can solve traffic jams fully. There is need to have a more
comprehensive and all-inclusive approach. Traffic jams can only be solved if both the citizens
cooperate with the governmental authorities to establish some workable guidelines on vehicle
usage. Even though this is the best-case scenario, the situation in many cities is characterized by
some citizens even not following basic traffic rules. Therefore, some solutions have been put
forward by the Montgomery County Highway Department in a bid to solve the issue at hand.
First, there has been a push to impose tolls on city entrances such as on interstate 270 in
Maryland (Li & Huang, 2019) . This solution has also been accompanied by a similar proposal to
create alternate roads within which motorists will be charged for usage. The viability of the
proposal is still somewhat questionable based on the economic status of the citizens of
Montgomery, but it is deemed to help widen the roads and ease congestion. Mostly, this is
planned to be implemented on interstate roads, which normally have heavy traffic snarl-ups.
With the advent of technology, many leaders and scholars have put investments into
research aimed at incorporating technology into solving traffic jams. This should include
realtime relay of traffic information through smart signs, adaptive signals, and ramp meters
(Balasubramaniam et al., 2017). Most of these technological solutions are incorporated to other
impending solutions such as toll lanes to provide the county with a comprehensive practical plan.
In Montgomery, many such solutions have been implemented, and change has been realized in
the recent past. The innovations are aimed at improving control of traffic through engineered
data analysis mechanisms. These proposed solutions have realized some change but Montgomery
county is still very congested, and there is a need for a more revolutionary solution.
Subsequently, there is a proposed solution to broadly widen some roads in the county,
aimed at accommodating more vehicles concurrently. However, building roads without a good
DECREASING TRAFFIC JAMS
4
plan could prove to be a costly venture that could have less impact. This is where the
construction of roads in lower-traffic areas comes in. Constructing roads or expanding roads in
the most congested areas of a city could prove futile. This is because having more roads may not
fully accommodate all the vehicles congested within a specific jurisdiction daily. However,
construction of more roads in less congested areas of a city should be effective. Drivers will be
more incentivized to use these roads because they are sure not to stay in traffic for long hours.
Moreover, most of the vehicles congesting the cities are not normally supposed to be in the
business districts. Most of the drivers are usually moving from one state to another, or from one
district to another, and they end up stuck in city traffic. With more roads in less congested areas
such as the suburbs, more vehicles will move outside the congested parts of the city, hence
balancing traffic.
In a nutshell, there is no single solution to traffic jams in Montgomery county. However,
with the incorporation of modern technology such as self-adaptive routing algorithms and
improvements in infrastructure, significant changes should be experienced (Sabar, 2019). It is
worthwhile to articulate the significance of having more roads in lower-traffic areas. With major
roads constructed in highly congested areas of a city, traffic jams are deemed to still be a
problem. However, if the problem is diversified and more roads constructed in alternate less
congested locations near the city, more drivers are deemed to use these substitute routes, hence
substantially reducing the number of vehicles within the central areas of cities. Therefore,
Montgomery county should consider this as a plausible solution to traffic jams, and the impacted
areas should realize both economic and physical development.
DECREASING TRAFFIC JAMS
5
References
Balasubramaniam, A., Paul, A., Hong, W. H., Seo, H., & Kim, J. H. (2017). Comparative
analysis of intelligent transportation systems for a sustainable environment in smart
cities. Sustainability, 9(7), 1120. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071120
Li, Z., & Huang, J. (2019). How to mitigate traffic congestion based on improved ant
colony algorithm: A case study of a congested old area of a metropolis.
Sustainability, 11(4), 1140. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041140
Sabar, N. R., Bhaskar, A., Chung, E., Turky, A., & Song, A. (2019). A self-adaptive
evolutionary algorithm for dynamic vehicle routing problems with traffic congestion.
Swarm and evolutionary computation, 44, 1018-1027.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.swevo.2018.10.015
Saberi, M., Hamedmoghadam, H., Ashfaq, M., Hosseini, S. A., Gu, Z., Shafiei, S., Nair, D.
J., Dixit, V., Gardner, L., Waller, S. T., & González, M. C. (2020). A simple
contagion process describes spreading of traffic jams in urban networks. Nature
communications, 11(1), 1616. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15353-2
USING FICTION TO HELP
STUDENTS UNDERSTAND
DIFFERENCE, DISABILITY, AND
“SPECIALNESS”
Stephanie Lewis Thompson
Composition Department
The problem. . .
• Children with autism are 3 times
more likely to be bullied than peers
• Children with epilepsy and medical
conditions like cerebral palsy are
more likely to be bullied and called
names than their peers
• Kids who are bullied are more likely
to suffer from depression, anxiety,
sleep issues, health problems, and
lower GPAs and test scores.
(StopBullying.gov, n.d.)
CC0 Creative Commons
The solution
? The K8 School District should
require middle school English
classes to read a book dealing
with disability because the
conversations these books raise
help to reduce bullying and
encourage inclusion.
CC0 Creative Commons
By the 2013-2014 school year, 6.5
million students (13%) were receiving
special needs services, and 90%
of those students spend some time
in a general education classroom
(NCES, 2016)
(NCES, 2016)
• Children with autism
are 3 times more
likely to be bullied
than peers
• Children with
epilepsy and medical
conditions like
cerebral palsy are
more likely to be
bullied and called
names than their
peers
(Stopbullying.gov,
n.d.)
Bullying
Statistics
• Kids who are bullied are
more likely to suffer
from depression,
anxiety, sleep issues,
health problems, and
lower GPAs and test
scores.
(StopBullying.gov, n.d.)
Rules (Cynthia Lord, 2006)
? Lord’s daughter asked her “Mom, how come I
never see families like mine in books and on
TV”? Rules is meant to change that.
? Narrator Catherine is the older sister to David,
who is on the autism spectrum.
? She creates rules, like “no toys in the fish tank”
and “keep your pants on in public” to help her
brother navigate social situations (and reduce
embarrassment to her!)
(Albertson, 2006)
Rules (Cynthia Lord, 2006)
? Includes a reader’s guide geared
towards middle school students.
? Have students create a list of rules
they would like peers to follow and
discuss their motivations for those
rules.
CC0 Creative Commons
Out of my Mind (Sharon Draper, 2010)
? Comes from the perspective of narrator Melody,
an 11 year old with photographic memory, a love
for words, and an inability to speak thanks to her
cerebral palsy.
? A doctor tells Melody’s mother that she is
“severely brain-damaged and mentally retarded”
(p. 22).
? Explores how a communication device helps
Melody communicate with others and display her
intelligence.
? Examines the social, physical, and emotional
challenges that a special needs child faces but
reminds us that we can never know everything in a
child’s mind.
(Sfetsios-Conover & Chang, 2010)
Wonder (R. J. Palacio, 2012)
? Auggie’s difference is physical—he has Treacher
Collins Syndrome, which only occurs in 1 out of
every 10,000 births (Children’s Craniofacial
Association, 2005)
? Includes chapters from Auggie’s perspective as
well as his friends and the boy, Julian, who bullies
him that was added to later editions of the novel.
(Carpenter, 2012)
Choose Kind
? For more on the “Choose Kind”
pledge that classrooms can
take, see
http://choosekind.tumblr.com/r
esources.
? The site includes teaching
resources, the “Daily Wonder”
app with inspirational daily
sayings, and more information
about the Children’s Craniofacial
Association and bullying
prevention.
(ChooseKind Tumblr, 2018)
I am Auggie Pullman (video)
(CCA Kids, 2017)
A plea
? Bullying is a wide spread problem
that needs a community solution.
Because children with disabilities
are bullied at a higher rate,
parents and educators have to be
creative in helping other children
understand differences. While not
all books will work in all settings, a
wealth of books like Wonder
provide a starting point for
educators, parents, and students
to start the conversation.
(ChooseKind Tumblr, 2018)
Other suggestions
Fiction
Nonfiction
? The Curious Incident of the Dog in the
Nighttime (Mark Haddon, 2003)
? Views from Our Shoes: Growing up with a Brother or
Sister with Autism (Ed. Donald J. Meyer, 1997)
? The Goldfish Boy (Lisa Thompson, 2017)
? Look Me in the Eye: My Life with Asperger’s (John
Elder Robison, 2008)
? Short (Molly Goldberg Sloan, 2017)
? Life, Animated (Ron Suskind, 2014)
? Al Capone Does My Shirts (Gennifer Choldenko,
2006)
? The Reason I Jump (Naoki Higashida, 2013,
? A Corner of the Universe (Ann M. Martin, 2007)
introduction by David Mitchell)
? The Luster of Lost Things (Sophie Chen Keller,
2017)
? Temple Grandin: How the Girl Who Loved Cows
Embraced Autism and Changed the World (Sy
Montgomery & Temple Grandin, 2012)
? Mockingbird (Kathryn Erksine, 2011)
?
References
? CCA Kids. (2017, June 4). I am Auggie Pullman [Video file]. Retrieved from

? Children’s Craniofacial Association. (2005). A guide to understanding Treacher Collins
Syndrome. Retrieved from http://www.ccakids.org/assets/syndromebk_treacher-collins.pdf
? National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). (2016, May). Children and youth with
disabilities. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator_cgg.asp
? Stopbullying.gov. (n.d.). Bullying and children and youth with disabilities and special health
needs. Retrieved from https://www.stopbullying.gov/at-risk/groups/specialneeds/bullyingtipsheet.pdf and https://www.stopbullying.gov/at-risk/groups/special-needs/
References: Novels, Cover Art, and Images
? Albertson, K. (2006). Rules cover art [Image]. New York: Scholastic Corporation.
? Carpenter, T. (2012). Wonder cover art [Image]. New York: Simon & Schuster.
? Choose Kind Tumblr. (2018). Quote from R. J. Palacio. [Image file]. Retrieved from
http://choosekind.tumblr.com/
? Draper, S. (2010). Out of my mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.
? Lord, C. (2006). Rules. New York: Scholastic Corporation.
? Palacio, R. J. (2012). Wonder. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
? Sfetsios-Conover, D. & Chang, D. (2010). Out of my mind cover art [Image]. New York: Simon
& Schuster.

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