Emory University Early Western History Socrates Paper Section I Directions: Be able to identify each of the people/objects/places/terms/events below. In a

Emory University Early Western History Socrates Paper Section I

Directions: Be able to identify each of the people/objects/places/terms/events below. In a short answer, explain why are they significant and how they influenced Early Western History?

Socrates
The Republic
Aristophanes
Cimon
Herodotus
Hoplite
Thermopylae
Mytilene
Ostraca
The Troads
The Pythia
Doric
Fertile Crescent
Marathon
Ar?t?
Helots
Magnae Graecia
The Parthenon
Alcibiades
Alexandria

Section II

Directions: Be prepared to answer the following questions. Answer the question completely and include some discussion of primary sources, where appropriate, to support your answer.

1. How did the geographic landscape of the Greeks influence their society?
2. Discuss the importance of Greek drama on our understanding of events and politics during the Golden Age of Athens.
3. Discuss the importance of the hoplite.
4. Do you think Periclean Athens can be considered a Golden Age?
5. Explain the concept of ar?t? as portrayed in the Iliad and how it shaped Greek culture.?
6. How did Alexander the Great’s conquests alter the political and cultural landscape of the Afro-Eurasian world? Was he truly ‘Great’?
7. Discuss the major philosophies developing in Greece.
8. Describe the development of democracy in Athens and the problems of imperialism.

book: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1UoCdQta-f0lg_ym9_… Tips for Writing
THE PERSUASIVE ESSAY
Introduction
Begin with an introduction that identifies texts and authors and sets the context for the reader. To
decide how much you need to say in order to establish the context, imagine that your reader has
done the reading but not thought about it much or recently. Don’t forget to establish the intellectual
context for your essay, the reason why someone, besides your professor, might want to read an
essay on this topic: the question or problem or complication that an intelligent reader would find
interesting. End your introduction with your thesis statement, your main insight or idea about the
topic, that you will justify from a variety of perspectives, by analyzing specific textual examples, in
several body paragraphs.
Body
Gordon Harvey offers a helpful definition of what “analyzing specific textual examples” means:
“Analysis is the work of breaking down, interpreting, and commenting upon the data, of saying
what can be inferred from the data such that it supports a thesis (is evidence for something).
Analysis is what you do with data when you go beyond observing or summarizing it: you show how
its parts contribute to a whole or how causes contribute to an effect; you draw out the significance
or implication not apparent to a superficial view. Analysis is what makes the writer feel present, as a
reasoning individual; so your essay should do more analyzing than summarizing or quoting”
(“Elements of the Academic Essay”). A rule of thumb is never to assume your readers see the same
thing that you do: it’s your job as a writer to show us. Begin each body paragraph with a “topic
sentence,” a claim or sub-point that helps justify your essay’s main insight or thesis. (Note: it’s
often easier to see what the main point of each paragraph is after you’ve done the work of analyzing
the evidence!) A reader should be able to do an “essay x-ray” – that is, read the first sentence of
each paragraph – to get a good idea of the essay’s overall argument and structure, or “spine.”
Conclusion
When you have finished this close examination of your evidence (or “data”) in the body of the
essay, it’s time to start moving toward the essay’s conclusion. Avoid merely repeating what you
have already said. (So high school!) Rather, use this opportunity to pause to reflect on the
importance of your essay’s main insight. Harvey outlines several common ways to do this:
(1) consider a counter-argument—a possible objection, alternative, or problem that a
skeptical or resistant reader might raise
(2) draw out an implication (so what? what might be the wider significance of the argument
I have made? what might it lead to if I’m right? or, what does my argument about a single aspect of
this suggest about the whole thing? or about the way people live and think?)
(3) offer a qualification or limitation to the case you have made (what you’re not saying)
In other words, widen the focus of your attention as you conclude your essay, after narrowing the
focus of your attention in your essay’s introduction.
Be sure to give your paper an interesting, original title that includes your essay’s key terms and the
titles of the literary works. (This, too, is much easier to do after you’ve made your argument.) There
is no need to copy out the assignment prompt at the beginning of your paper.
Length: 4-6 word-processed, double-spaced pages, with standard 12pt font and 1” margins
Topic: Choose one of the following:
1. “Comedies conventionally end in the restoration of order, declaring that good inevitably
triumphs; rationality renews itself despite the temporary deviations of the foolish and the
vicious” (Norton Anthology 143). Consider the “solution” offered by the ending of Molière’s
Tartuffe in light of the above quotation. How does the king’s intervention at the end
complicate matters? Does it change or affect the play’s message?
2. Satirical writing flourishes in times of political turmoil, as the editors of the Norton
Anthology note of early-eighteenth-century Britain:
On the one hand, in an atmosphere of fierce political debate, persuasive writers were
in great demand: Swift and Pope found they had great support from powerful
politicians who wanted the best writers on their side. On the other hand, it coul
dangerous to launch direct political challenges…. and so satire seemed a perfect
solution: veiled enough never to seem outright oppositional, it could still be pointed
enough to hit political targets, including the king.” (267)
Compare and contrast the use of satire as a tactic in A Modest Proposal and Tartuffe. Does
one text seem more effective than the other in its strategies of mockery and critique? Is the
“veiled enough”/”pointed enough” construction found in the quotation above sufficient, or
does it need refinement in your reading?
3. How does Pope attempt to reconcile what might seem to be diametrically opposed modes in
Essay on Man: philosophy and poetry? Is it convincing?
Format: The model to use is the persuasive essay in several parts (see “Tips for Writing”).
Caution: The essays you write for this course do not require library research and are structured to
promote speculative, comparative thinking. ANY use of sources, including online materials and the
Norton introductions and footnotes, must be acknowledged (examples of the most common ways to
do this are provided in the topics above short quotation of four lines or fewer and block quotation
for five lines or more). Please use MLA style for all documentation (brief parenthetical citations in
the text of your paper and full citations in a Works Cited list at the end of the paper). Plagiarism or
cheating of any kind will result in a failing grade and will be reported immediately. I take this
policy very seriously.
explain your quotations
Start quotations

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