REL2300 University of South Florida Introduction to World Religions Questions Hi, I’m taking the introduction to the world religions course at USF and I ha

REL2300 University of South Florida Introduction to World Religions Questions Hi, I’m taking the introduction to the world religions course at USF and I have a take-home exam with the 3 powerpoint that what is the exam about. So if you can help me? it’s multiple choice question and I just need the answer and there are little fil in bank Q Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2017 Exam #1
STUDENT NAME_________________
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
1
1. An individual who has a very powerful experience by feeling contact with or possession
by individual deities is called a __________.
A. religious reformer
B. shaman
C. saint
D. post-modernist
2. True/False: The line between unconditioned and conditioned reality in religion is solid and
non-porous.
3. Pluralism refers to the condition in which__________.
A. There are many different gods and goddesses
B. many options for belief and lifestyle exist together in the same society
C. conditioned reality meets unconditioned reality
D. indigenous religions carry out sacred rituals
4. In the Bhagavad-Gita, a warrior prince named Arjuna seeks the advice of Krishna, who is an
avatar of the God ________.
A. Vishnu
B. Indra
C. Shiva
D. Brahma
5. (True or False) The authors argue that the Buddhist doctrine of Nirvana is pessimistic and
filled with contempt for human existence.
6. According to Hinduism, when a person acts in harmony with the social and cosmic order, that
person is following his/her _________.
A. dharma
B. maya
C. sannyasin
D. karma
7. The beginning of agriculture marked a significant turning point in the development of
religions because __________.
A. people could now live longer and were not as afraid of early death
B. it established a sedentary way of life that eventually led to the rise of cities
C. animals were no longer considered sacred at this stage in history
D. rain dances became a central ritual for indigenous peoples
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
8. One of the three forms of religious expression referred to by Joachim Wach is __________.
A. artistic experience
B. ethical expression
C. sociological expression
D. religious expression
9. An example of megalithism is __________.
A. Ayers Rock
B. the construction of giant cathedrals
C. Stonehenge
D. the agricultural revolution
10. (True or False) “The Void” is a key concept of Upanishadic Hinduism.
11. (True or False) In place of atman, Buddhism affirms anatman (meaning no self).
12. (True or False) Buddhism has generally supported theocratic political arrangements and
sought to have monks control the organs of government as far as possible.
13. Halloween, Christmas, and the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca are contemporary instances of
the survivals of elements from _____________.
A. archaic religions
B. animism
C. shamanism
D. totemism
14. Brahman, Nirvana and Shamanism are all elements of __________.
A. God
B. Unconditioned Reality
C. Conditioned Reality
D. liberation
15. (True or False) According to Elwood & McGraw, the most significant of all modern Hindus
is Mohandas Gandhi.
16. When Siddhartha Gautama left the palace and traveled into the world, he encountered four
“thought-provoking sights.” Which of the following was one of the four sights?
A. a bodhisattva
B. a monk
C Krishna
D. his son
17. (True or False) Buddhist Tantrists took very seriously the principle that samsara is Nirvana
and that everything can be used as a means to liberation.
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Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
18. Mircea Eliade called the first indigenous religion, including beliefs and practices, a
__________ religion.
A. patriarchcal
B. cosmic
C. megalithic
D. ancestral
19. In what modern day country did Hinduism originate __________.
A. Nepal
B. India
C. China
D. Pakistan
20. To attain special honors or avoid bad karma, a woman might choose to become a sati, which
means she would _________.
A. stay confined to her home
B. be burned alive
C. wear special shoes that would painfully deform her feet
D. perform “The Dance of the Great Mother”
21. The 4 Noble Truths focus on the problem of ______________.
A. suffering
B. kindness
C. wisdom
D. fate
22. ___________ (Tibetan) Buddhism originated in Tibet and is closely associated with Native
Tibetan traditions of magic and spells.
A. Theravada
B. Pure Land
C. Chan
D. Vajrayana
23. A Crow Sioux Vision Quest is an example of __________.
A. cosmic religion
B. hallucination
C. initiation
D. agricultural ritual
24. One central teaching of Upanishadic Hinduism is that Brahman, the Universal Being, is
identical with each person’s innermost self, which is called ________.
A. Moksha
B. Karma
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Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
C. Dharma
D. Atman
25. If I am born the son of a Hindu merchant, I am considered to be of the _________ caste.
A. vaishya
B. kshatriya
C. brahmin
D. shudra
26. Chan Buddhism emphasizes __________, “sitting quietly, doing nothing.”
A. praying
B. isolation
C. meditation
D. chanting
27. Indigenous people’s find the sacred in__________.
A. the cosmos
B. all aspects of nature and human life
C. in the tribe
D. in the realm of the gods
28. Which of the following is NOT a threat to the future of indigenous religions?
A. Popular culture
B. Loss of natural lands
C. Renewed interest in languages
D. the spread of Christianity
29. The counterpart to the god Shiva is the goddess ________.
A. Shakti
B. Rama
C. Sita
D. Gopi
30. Despite women faring reasonably well in Buddhism, rebirth as a woman was considered
unfortunate. This was exemplified in the “____________” which expressed the misfortunes of
womanhood.
A. five woes
B. codependent origination
C. no-self
D. dharma
31. The term “patriarchy” refers to social systems that are rule by __________.
A. Democratic government
B. a king
C. the father
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Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
D. the first son
32. (True/False) Text-based religious traditions are more complex than oral-based traditions.
33. The two principles of the bodhisattva are ___________ and _____________.
A. knowledge; devotion
B. compassion; individuality
C. individuality; initiative
D. compassion; skills-in-means
34. In the Heart Sutra it is said “Form is emptiness but emptiness is also form.” This saying
expresses the truth of ___________; everything should be seen as an endless series of
interdependence and interrelationships.
A. non-dualism
B. samsara
C. bodhisattva
D. Brahma
35. Which of the following is not one of Ellwood’s and McGraw’s forms of religious
expression?
A. Theoretical
B. Psychological
C. Sociological
D. Practical
36. Pantheism is the belief that there is/are__________.
A. one god
B. many different gods and goddesses
C. no separation between the sacred and the natural
D. ancestors that exist in the spirit world
37. In Theravada Buddhism, the ideal figure is the ___________, who has achieved
enlightenment through individual religious pursuit, typically in a monastic setting.
A. Bodhisattva
B. Gandhi
C. Amit?bha Buddha
D. Arhant
38. One path that Hindu devotees may follow is called bhakti, which is the way of __________.
A. asceticism
B. knowledge
C. devotion
D. pleasure
39. According to the Laws of Manu, which caste is the highest or most important in the social
order?
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Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
A.
B.
C.
D.
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Kshatriya
Shudra
Brahmin
Vaishya
40. The position known as ____________ states that only one clear mind or field of
consciousness exists and therefore, we are all Buddhas.
A. Theravada
B. Vedanta
C. Mind Only
D. Indian Buddhism
41. The earliest sacred texts of Hinduism, mostly made up of hymns and rituals, are called the
__________. These were followed by more philosophical commentaries called the
___________, which include the story of Nachiketa.
A. Varnas; Mantras
B. Vedas; Bhagavad-Gita
C. Vedas; Upanishads
D. Upanishads; Sutras
42. (True or False) As it influences the destiny of individuals, the doctrine of karma in Hinduism
can be understood as the cosmic law of sin and salvation.
43. Which is NOT a “style” in which Buddha-reality (reality as seen by the enlightened eye) is
experienced?
A. the Void
B. Nirvana
C. Maya
D. One Mind
44. In all religious traditions a myth is __________.
A. a narrative form of the central values of society
B. a story that is usually false
C. the story the tribal shaman tells to his people
D. a sociological form of religious expression
45. The two main branches of Buddhism are ____________ and ____________.
A. Pure Land; Bodhisattva
B. Mahayana; Chan
C. Theravada; Mahayana
D. Theravada; Tantrist
46. Agnosticism is the belief that__________.
A. there are many gods and goddesses
B. god may, or may not, exist
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
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C. we should not spend our time worrying about whether or not god exists
D. a sacred spiritual force is in everything, including nature
47. Chan masters use anecdotes, riddles, and sayings such as “Where was your face before you
were born?” to halt the ordinary, rational mind. What is the term for these riddles?
A. sutras
B. koan
C. dhyana
D. Therigatha
48. (True/False) Indigenous traditions practiced an ethic of restraint.
49. (True or False) The order of the nuns was founded due to the insistence by the Buddha that
women were equal to the monks in every respect. The women were not subjected to any special
rules.
50. Which of the following is one of the “Four Stages of Life” (ashramas) in Hinduism?
A. Renunciant
B. Guru
C. Yogi
D. Rama
51. The attitude that seeks to find the balance between self-indulgence and asceticism is known
as the ________________.
A. noble truth
B. great journey
C. narrow road
D. middle way
52. One path which Hindu devotees may follow is called jñaña, which is the way of __________.
A. asceticism
B. knowledge
C. devotion
D. pleasure
53. One of the Three Refuges (also known as the Three Jewels), a Buddhist monastic order, is
known as a ___________.
A. The Buddha
B. The Dharma
C. The Samgha
D. The Sutra
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
8
54. (True or False) The Trimurti or “Holy Trinity” of Hinduism is made up of the gods Krishna
(the Avatar), Vishnu (the Preserver), and Shiva (the Destroyer).
55. Which of these events is NOT related to the life of the Buddha.
A. he sees 4 “thought-provoking” sights
B. he preaches the Middle Way at Deer Park
C. it is prophesied that he would become either a great political or spiritual leader
D. he meditates by the Indian Ocean and becomes enlightened
56. What is the name of the honorific title of the Buddha described in class and in the Ellwood &
McGraw text, which translates roughly as, “He who has come thus and gone thus.”
A. Siddhartha
B. Tathagata
C. Jataka
D. Vishnu
57. The Buddhism of “export” (the largest branch) which has generated the greatest number of
sects and spread worldwide is the ______________
A. Mahayana
B. Ganesh
C. Kalki
D. Brahma
58. When Siddhartha Gautama left the palace he encountered Four Passing Sights, which one of
the following was NOT one of the strangers he encounters according to the myth.
A. A Monk
B. A Rich Man
C. A Dead Man
D. A Sick Man
59. (True or False) “The Dialogue Decalogue” suggest ways in which individuals can convert
members of other religions to their own faith through interreligious, interideological
persuasion.
60. Along with the Bhagavad-Gita, which other Hindu scripture listed below was mentioned as
serving to reinforce Hindu Orthodoxy in the face of challenges brought by Buddhism and
Jainism?
A. Upanishads
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
9
B. Code of Manu
C. Rig Veda
D. Diamond Sutra
61. Which of the following is one of the five parts (or bundles) that make up a human being?
A. consciousness
B. compassion
C. deception
D. godhead
62. (True or False) The word ‘religion’ comes from the Latin “religio…religare” and translates
as “to tie or bind.”
63. (True of False) Siddhartha Gautama violated his dharma when he left his family, abandoned
his social caste, and gave up his responsibilities as a prince and ruler to seek the meaning of
life.
64. The last of the Four Noble Truths offers the Noble ___-fold path as the way to end suffering.
A. 8
B. 10
C. 4
D. 3
65. (True or False) Indigenous cultures can be found in the contemporary world, although it is
difficult for them to survive when they encounter contemporary features such as
modernization and Westernization.
66. In Mahayana Buddhism the ideal figure is the________________, who is understood to be
an utterly compassionate being who epitomizes the ideal of living in both samara and
Nirvana at the same time.
A. Skandha
B. Koan
C. Bodhisattva
D. moksha
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
10
67. The ultimate reality in Buddhism and the ultimate destiny of humans is ____________, “the
state absolutely transcending all pairs of opposites, and so all conditioned reality, by the
blowing out of all flames of attachment.”
A. Moksha
B. Nirvana
C. Samgha
D. Mahayana
68. (True or False) In Buddhism the concept of dharma stays essentially the same from
Hinduism and that only proper fulfillment of dharma through the following caste duty will
allow you to escape the wheel of samsara.
69. For Buddhism, human beings are composed of 5 parts (or bundles), these bundles are called:
A. Ashramas
B. Bhakti
C. Karunas
D. skandas
70. As presented in class, which form of Buddhism suggests that everyone is potentially eligible
for Nirvana.
A. Mahayana
B. Theravada
C. Chan
D. Pure Land
71. The image below is of_____________.
A. Brahman
B. Shiva
C. Brahmin
D. Prince Arjuna
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
72. The image below is most closely associated with what religious tradition?
A. Jainism
B. Buddhism
C. Hinduism
D. Islam
73. The image shown is an example of a_____________.
A. Buddhist prayer wheel
B. Ancient Mayan temple
C. Hindu goddess
D. Mandala
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Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
12
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
13
NAME__________________ SECTION#_________________________
Short Answers
CHOOSE 9. Please do not complete more then 9 of the 10 (Only 9 will be graded.
74. Please explain the differences between Hindu and Buddhist understandings of the self. Use proper
terminology.
75. What are two differences between Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism?
76. Explain the relationship between the experiences in the life of the Buddha and his teachings. Use
examples.
NAME__________________ SECTION#_________________________
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
14
79. Briefly explain a specific way in which Buddhism is a departure from Hinduism.
NAME__________________ SECTION#_________________________
80. Briefly explain how the Hindu myth of Purusha, the “cosmic man,” relates to the structure of
the caste system.
81. Briefly distinguish between these three terms associated with Hinduism: Brahman, Brahma,
and Brahmin.
82. Briefly explain one difference between Vedic and Upanishadic Hinduism.
Dr. Schanbacher
REL 2300.00 Fall 2013 Exam #1
STUDENTS PLEASE NOTE THAT A=True and B= False on T/F questions.
15
NAME__________________ SECTION#_________________________
83. Using concepts from either Hinduism or Buddhism, give one example of conditioned reality
and one example of unconditioned reality, and briefly explain why they are considered
conditioned or unconditioned.
Short Answer extra space (if needed)
Indigenous Religions
Past and Present
Indigenous Religions :
?
Difficult to define: “traditional, aboriginal, indigenous , tribal,
nonliterate , primal, native, oral, etc.
?
Found all over the world in all types of climates and geographical
areas .
?
Mos t developed independent of each other – therefore different
origins , beliefs , cus toms , e tc.
?
Differing creation s tories , views on the afterlife, marriage and
funeral cus toms , etc.
?
Why is it important to s tudy thes e types of religions ?
Oral vs. Text-based traditions
Temple in ancient city of Teotihuacan, Mexico
?
Bias toward text-based
traditions (e.g. Christianity,
Judaism, Islam, etc.) –
thought to be more complex
than oral traditions.
?
However, some indigenous
religions have created great
monuments and permanent
sites.
?
Less permanent expressions
of religion – dance, masks,
paintings, etc. Are these just
as important as written
materials?
Holistic Cultures
?
Indigenous religions – holistic cultures: every object and action may
have religious meaning. Art, music, religion, social behavior, etc. is all
interconnected.
?
How is this different from what we experience today in modern,
industrialized societies?
?
Revival of the study of indigenous religions – how can they give us a
deeper understanding of oral traditions? Of ancient cultures?
Human Relationships with the
Natural World
?
Indigenous religions – cautious, respectful
relationship with the natural world.
Humans are intimately tied to their
environmental context.
?
Animism – everything in the universe is
alive. E.g. trees, birds, human beings,
water, sun, moon, clouds.
?
?
?
Animistic religions viewed the natural world
and the human world as inseparable – i.e. no
distinction between nature vs. supernatural.
E.g. Oglala Sioux concept of wakan (“holy,
“mysterious”). Spirits live in creatures, the
rocks, etc.
Mircea Eliade: called these types
worldviews: cosmic religion.
Living in a world of spirits
?
If spirits inhabit all living and non-living things,
then we must treat all things with care. Injured,
insulted spirit = retaliation vs. pleased spirits =
blessing.
?
Native American religions describe the
relationship of the community with the
symbolism of the tipi – circular tents arranged in
circular formations which mimic nature’s
examples of circles (sun, moon, whirlwind).
?
Often, dance rituals are forms of veneration
towards animals and nature – a form of prayer.
?
Kinship between the human and natural world
– anything that carelessly exploits nature is
thought to be sacrilegious. How will other
religions we study view our relationship to the
natural world?
?
Smohalla of the Nez Perce Indians – “You ask
me to plow the ground. Shall I take a knife and
tear my mother’s bosom? Then when I die she
will not take me to her bosom to rest.”
Ethic of restraint
?
Indigenous religions often practice
restraint and conservation. E.g.
take only what one needs; use
entire animal or plant.
?
How is this different or difficult
today? Are humans fundamentally
different from plants and animals?
?
Are we really connected to our
food sources? Do we really know
were our food comes from?
Sacred Time and Space
?
Ordinary, linear time vs.
“time of eternity.” How do
we view our ordinary day?
?
Sacred time is cyclical –
returning to origins for
renewal.
?
?
Uluru (Ayers Rock) – sacred center for
Australian aboriginal religion
Indigenous religions –
structure daily lives to
conform to the cyclical time
of the past, ancestors, gods.
Sacred space is a doorway
to the world beyond, the
world of gods and
ancestors.
Ancestors
?
Many indigenous religions
do not distinguish between a
god and an ancestor.
?
Spirits must be treated well,
out of love and respect for
their power.
?
“Uluru and Ancestor Spirits” by
eoconnor
ancestors thought to bring
health, wealth, and children
(if treated well). Rituals…
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