Maintaining Power in Afro Eurasia Paper An argument, which you underline or highlight and state at the beginning of your paper in the introduction. The arg
Maintaining Power in Afro Eurasia Paper An argument, which you underline or highlight and state at the beginning of your paper in the introduction.
The argument should have at least three overall themes that summarize the key points from the primary sources, ie, religion, propaganda, gender roles, forced labor, trade, etc.
All of the required primary sources need to be analyzed in the paper as to support or prove your argument. Cite sources for all examples used in the paper.
An introduction, body paragraphs (with topic & transition sentences), and a conclusion.
A Works Cited page in MLA format listing all sources used in your paper.
Required Primary Sources:
(Doc. 1) Great Wall [IMAGE]
**Make sure to watch the Qin film clip in Module 7 regarding the construction of the Great Wall.
Here is an article from AHE that provides some additional information: https://www.ancient.eu/Great_Wall_of_China/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.(focus only on the material regarding the Warring States and the rise of Shi Huandi) Citation: Mark, Emily. “Great Wall of China (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site..” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 22 Aug 2015. Web. 31 Aug 2018.à use the date you accessed the article. Use parenthetical citation for the body paragraphs: (AHE, Great Wall). There is no need to copy and paste the image into your paper.
(Doc. 2) ASSYRIAN ACCOUNT OF THE REVOLT OF THE CITY OF SURU OF BIT-HALUPE
The following is an excerpt from the state archives of Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian Empire. The documents deals with revolt by a city that was under Assyrian control against the imperial rule of the Emperor Ashurnasirpal in the seventh century BCE.
While I [Ashurnasirpal]was staying in the land of Kutmuhi, they brought me the word: “The city of Suru of Bit-Halupe has revolted, they have slain Hamatai, their governor, and Ahiababa, the son of a nobody, whom they brought from Bit-Adini, they have set up as king over them.” With the help of Adad and the great gods who have made great my kingdom, I mobilized my chariots and armies and marched along the bank of the Habur.
To the city of Suru of Bit-Halupe I drew near, and the terror of the splendor of [Ashur], my lord, overwhelmed them. The chief men and the elders of the city, to save their lives, came forth into my presence and embraced my feet, saying: “If it is [your] pleasure, slay! If it is [your] pleasure, let live! That which [your] heart [desire], do!”
Ahiababa, the son of nobody, whom they had brought from Bit-Adini, I took captive. In the valor of my heart and with the fury of my weapons I stormed the city. All the rebels they seized and delivered them up. My officers I caused to enter into his palace and his temples. His silver, his gold, his goods and his possessions, iron, lead, vessels of copper, cups of copper, dishes of copper, a great horde of copper, alabaster, tables with inlay, the women of his palaces, his daughters, the captive rebels together with their possessions, the gods together with their possessions, precious stone from the mountains, his chariot with equipment, his horses, broken to the yoke, trappings of men and trappings of horses, garments of brightly colored wool and garments of linen, goodly oil, cedar, and fine sweet-scented herbs, panels of cedar, purple and crimson wool, his wagons, his cattle, his sheep, his heavy spoil, which like the stars of heaven could not be counted, I carried off.
I flayed all the chief men who had revolted, and I covered the pillar with their skins; some I walled up within the pillar, some I impaled upon the pillar on stakes, and others I bound to stakes round about the pillar; many within the border of my own land I flayed, and I spread their skins upon the walls; and I cut off the limbs of the officers, of the royal officers who had rebelled. Ahiababa I took to Nineveh, I flayed him, I spread his skin upon the wall of Nineveh.
While I was staying in the city of Suru, [I received] tribute from all the kings of the land of [Laqe], — silver, gold, lead, copper, vessels of copper, cattle, sheep, garments of brightly colored wool, and garments of linen, and I increased the tribute and taxes and imposed them upon them .At that time I fashioned a heroic image of my royal self, my power and my glory I inscribed thereon, in the midst of [the] palace I set it up. I fashioned memorial stelae and inscribed thereon my glory and my prowess, and I set them up by [the] city gate.
(Doc. 3) The Cyrus cylinder: clay cylinder; a Babylonian account of the conquest of Babylon by Cyrus in 539 BC, of his restoration to various temples of statues removed by Nabonidus, the previous king of Babylon, and of his own work at Babylon.
[The Lord God Marduk of Babyon] sought and looked through all the lands, searching for a righteous king whose hand He could grasp. He called to rule Cyrus, king of Anshan, and announced his name as the king of the universe. He made the Guti-land and all the Medes bow in submission at his feet and so (Cyrus) [diligently] looked after the justice and well-being of the Black-Headed People over whom he had been made victorious (by Marduk). And Marduk, the great lord, leader of his people, looked happily at the good deeds and steadfast mind of Cyrus and ordered him to march to his own city Babylon, set him on the road to Babylon, and went alongside him like a friend and companion. His teeming army, uncounted like water (flowing) in a river, marched with him fully armed. (Marduk) allowed him to enter Babylon without battle or fight, sparing his own city of Babylon from hardship, and delivered Nabonidus, who had not worshipped him, into his hands.
All the people of Babylon, the entire land of Sumer and Akkad, rulers and princes, bowed down to him, kissed his feet, and rejoiced at his rule, filled with delight. They happily greeted him as the lord, by means of whose trust those who were as dead were revived and saved from all trial and hardship; they praised his name.
I am Cyrus, king of the world, great king, mighty king, king of Babylon, king of the lands of Sumer and Akkad, king of the four quarters of the universe, son of Cambyses, great king, king of Anshan, descendant of Teispes, great king, king of Anshan, from an ancient royal lineage, whose reign is beloved by (the gods) Marduk and Nabu, whose kingship they desired to make them glad.
After entering Babylon in peace, amidst joy and jubilation I made the royal palace the centre of my rule. The great lord Marduk, who loves Babylon, with great magnanimity, established (it) as (my) destiny, and I sought to worship him each day. My teeming army paraded about Babylon in peace, and I did not allow any trouble in all of Sumer and Akkad. I took great care to peacefully (protect) the city of Babylon and its cult places. (And) as for the citizens of Babylon
whom (Nabonidus) had made subservient in a manner (totally) unsuited to them against the will of the gods, I released them from their weariness and loosened their burden. The great lord Marduk rejoiced in my deeds. Kindly he blessed me, Cyrus, the king, his worshipper, Cambyses, the offspring of my loins, and all of my troops, so that we could go about in peace and well-being.
By his lofty command, all enthroned kings, the whole world, from the Upper Sea to the Lower Sea, inhabitants of distant regions, all the kings of the West, tent dwellers, brought their heavy tribute to me in Babylon and kissed my feet. From [Babylon] to Ashur and Susa, Agade, Eshnunna, the cities of Zamban, Meturnu, Der as far as the borders of the Gutians I returned to these sanctuaries on the other side of the Tigris, sanctuaries founded in ancient times, the images that had been in them there and I made their dwellings permanent. I also gathered all their people and returned to them their habitations. And then at the command of Marduk, the great lord, I resettled all the gods of Sumer and Akkad whom Nabonidus had brought into Babylon to the anger of the lord of the gods in their shrines, the places which they enjoy. May all the gods whom I have resettled in their sacred cities ask Marduk and Nabu each day for a long life for me and speak well of me to him; may they say to Marduk, my lord that Cyrus, the king who worships you I settled all the people of Babylon who prayed for my kingship and all their lands in a peaceful place. Daily I supplied (the temple) [with offerings of x gee]se, two ducks, and ten turtledoves The wall Imgur-Enlil, the great (city) wall of Babylon, I strove to strengthen its fortifications [ ] the baked brick quay on the bank of the city moat, constructed by an earlier king, but not completed, its work [I thus the city had not been completely surrounded], so [to complete] the outside, which no king before me had done, its troops, mustered in all the land, into Babylon [ ]. I made it anew with bitumen and baked bricks and [finished the work upon it I istalled doors of] mighty [cedar] clad with bronze, thresholds and door-opening[s cast of copper in all] its [gates I saw inside it an in]scription of Ashurbanipal, a king who came before [me for e]ver.
(Doc. 4) Birth of Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut lived from 15081458 BC and ruled Egypt as pharaoh.
Amun summoned the Great Ennead in heaven to him and proclaimed to them his decision to procreate for the land of Egypt a new king, and he promised to the gods all good through it. As successor, Hatshepsut was chosen the unique woman; the royal office for her was claimed.
“She builds your chapels,” said Amun to the Ennead. “She consecrates your temples . . . she makes you rich offerings . . . the dew of heaven shall fall in her time . . . and the Nile shall be high in her time. Surround her with your protection, with life, happiness unto eternity.”
The Ennead answered, “We have come herewith. We surround her with our protection, with life and happiness . . . ” Amun charged Thoth, the god of wisdom and messenger, to seek Queen Iahmes, the wife of the reigning king, whom he selected as the future mother of the successor, and Thoth answered him as follows: “This young woman is a princess. She is called Iahmes. She is more beautiful than all the women in the whole land. She is the wife of the king, the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, Tuthmosis I, and his majesty is still a youth. Go therefore to her . . .” Then Thoth led Amun to Queen Iahmes
Then Amun, the lord of the throne of the Two Lands spoke to her, “Hatshepsut is thus the name of this your daughter whom I have laid in your body, according to the speech of your mouth. She will exercise the splendid kingship in the whole land. My glory will belong to her, my authority will belong to her, and my crown will belong to her. She will rule the Two Lands (Egypt) . . . I will surround her every day with my protection in
common with the god of the respective day.”
After Amun attended the queen, determined the name of the child, and promised her the lordship over Egypt, he spoke with the creator god Khnum who would form the child on the potter’s wheel from mud. Thereby he commissioned him to create for the child a ka. And Khnum answered him: “I form this your daughter prepared for life, prosperity, and health, for food, nourishment, for respect, popularity, and all good. I distinguish her form from the gods in her great dignity of king of Upper and Lower Egypt.”
Then according to the divine instruction, Khnum created the royal child Hatshepsut and her ka on the potter’s wheel, and the goddess of birth, the frog-headed Heket, proffered life to her. Khnum spoke in addition, “I form you with this divine body . . . I have come to you to form you completely as all gods (Kings), give to you all life and prosperity, give to you enduring and joy . . . and give to you all health, deliver to you all flat lands and all
mountain lands as well as all subjects, give to you every food and nourishment and cause that you appear on the throne of Horus like (the sun god) Re (himself). I cause that you stand as the head of all the living when you appear as king of Upper and Lower Egypt. Thus as your father Amun-Re who loves you has commanded it.”
**Make sure to watch the video clip about Hatshepsut in Module 3.
(Doc. 5) The Sacrifice of Purusha, From Rig Veda (Indus River Valley)
1: Purusha has a thousand heads, a thousand eyes, and a thousand feet. He filled the earth and extended beyond it by ten finger lengths.
2: Purusha was all of this: whatever has been, whatever is yet to be. He is the ruler of all immortality; all living creatures are a quarter of him; while three quarters of him is immortal, and in heaven . . .
4: From him Viraj (woman) was born, and from Viraj came man.
5: When the Gods spread out the sacrifice with Purusha as the offering . . .
7: From that sacrifice the verses and [sacred] chants were born, the rhythmical meters [chandas] were born. [The sacrificial formula was born from it]
8: Horses were born from it, and those other animals that have two rows of teeth; cows were born from it, and also goats and sheep.
9: When they dismembered Purusha how many parts did they divide him into? What do they call his mouth, his two arms, his thighs and his feet?
10: His mouth became the Brahmin priests and poets; his arms became Kshatriyas, warriors and kings; his thighs became Vaishyas, the merchants; and from his feet servants, or Shudras, were born.
11: Moon was born from his mind; from his eye came the sun, and from his breath the Wind was born . . .
13: With the sacrifice the Gods sacrificed to the sacrifice.
Checklist:
? 5-6 page length, used standard formatting
? Uploaded to Canvas
? Essay format: introduction, body paragraphs, conclusion
? Clearly written, proofread, and spell-checked
? Specifically answered all parts of the prompt
? Made an argument and underlined (or highlighted) it
? Supported argument well with the sources
? Used all required sources and cited them correctly
? (Doc. 1): IMAGE: The Great Wall
? (Doc. 2): Assyrian account of a city revolt
? (Doc. 3): Cyrus cylinder
? (Doc. 4): Birth of Hatshepsut
? (Doc. 5): The Sacrifice of Purusha
? WH textbook
? (Mod. #) Cited lecture material and cited it correctly
? Two library sources
