Replies For Peers. Need Two Response Per Each Discussion Total 6 Responses. Attached Are The Discussions APA Format.One Reference Per Each Discussion With

Replies For Peers. Need Two Response Per Each Discussion Total 6 Responses. Attached Are The Discussions APA Format.One Reference Per Each Discussion With 5 Years Aymee Morales Aranegui

10 hours ago, at 11:55 AM
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Comparison between the U.S. and UK Healthcare Systems

The U.S. and UK healthcare systems differ in structure and access. The U.S. has a multi-payer system, unlike UK with a single-payer. Under a multi-payer system, multiple entities, including insurance companies and the government, collect funds and pay for healthcare services on behalf of citizens (Childers, 2016). In contrast, the government is the single-payer in the UK. Therefore, healthcare institutions do not demand upfront payment before attending to patients since everyone is entitled to comprehensive coverage irrespective of their ability to pay for the services rendered, however costly (Childers, 2016). Nevertheless, the government imposes higher taxes to meet healthcare costs, which means that citizens pay for healthcare indirectly. Similarly, access to healthcare is higher in the UK than in the U.S. These differences can be attributed to multiple factors. Notably, the U.S. has many uninsured citizens than the UK (Childers, 2016). In addition, out-of-the-pocket costs deter many U.S. residents from seeking healthcare (Peterson-Kaiser Health System Tracker, n.d.). Hence, the U.S. and UK healthcare systems are structured differently, and accessibility to healthcare services varies.

Advocacy and Politics Interventions that can be done by Advanced Practice Nurses to Improve the US Health System

Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) can improve healthcare systems by joining a professional nursing organization, collaborating with state representatives, or running for public offices. Professional nursing organizations enable APNs to influence policy change at state and federal levels. Lobbyists are part of the stakeholders in these organizations. They introduce nursing issues and seek the support of nurses. Ultimately, the team can influence legislators to pass relevant bills to correct the issues raised. In addition, nurses can recommend specific healthcare reforms and send them to their state representatives as proposals (Milstead, 2016). Some nurses may also run for public offices, positions that enable them to push for healthcare reforms conveniently (Mason, Leavitt, & Chaffee, 2016). For example, Representative Lauren Underwood doubles up as a freshman Congresswoman and a nurse from Illinois. She uses her expertise in lawmaking to influence nursing-related policies in Congress. Therefore, APNs can influence policy change individually or as a groups. 

References

Childers, C. (2016, April 26). US and UK health system comparison. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4Y0TKiwNgo
Mason, D. J., Leavitt, J.K., & Chaffee, M.W. (2016). Policy and politics in nursing and health care. (7th ed.) Elsevier.
Milstead, A. J. (2016). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide. (7th. Ed). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Peterson-Kaiser Health System Tracker. (n.d.). Access & affordability. https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/archive/?_sft_category=access-affordability.
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Edited by Aymee Morales Aranegui on Sep 14, 2021, 8:56:30 PM

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Discussion 2

Henly Rojas

Differences between the UK and US Health systems

I can start by stating that the United Kingdom has a health system where medical care for its population is public and of a social nature. This has therefore that the entire population has the right to obtain all medical care without paying anything. This results in the government presenting a lone payer mechanism with a uniquely controlled organization, being a much less complex mechanism than that of the United States. The funds used for said health system come from taxation taxes, causing sales and income taxes to reach a high level, concluding that such free care does not exist. On the other hand, dental health is not covered in this mechanism and prescriptions generally require a copayment.
With reference to the United States, the health system is paid for by companies that offer private insurance, collect general and payroll taxes for users. An overly complex bureaucratic system has been established that negatively affects the performance of the providers who use the useful time to carry out administrative procedures. On the other hand, a positive aspect can be obtained within said malformed System, which is a Relief in preventive care, in infection control and fewer hospitalizations.
I can also comment that the System in our country, the United States, presents divisions, a high complexity, does not present a justice in its offer, presenting a high administrative price and a too long and bureaucratic system of paperwork, being a harmful element at the time d elide with insurance companies. As nurses, knowing the problems of our patients, we must become aware and raise our voice on behalf of our patients and our Society, with the aim of improving their care and jointly expanding the elements that are provided to improve the health of our patients. Society. By graduating from Nurses practitioner, we broaden our knowledge, which gives us the possibility of having more commitment to our Society. Through this commitment, we must defend and promote the adjustments that are necessary to ensure that the health of our country has a fair and affordable way for all spheres of our Society.
References
Kuykendall-Barrett, J. (n.d.). Differences Between the UK & Us Healthcare System. Retrieved from https://isilanguagesolutions.com/2020/05/26/differences-between-the-uk-and-us-healthcare-system/ Mason, D.J., Gardner, D. B., Hopkins Outlaw, F., & O’Grady, E.T. (Eds.). (2016). Policy and Politics: In Nursing and Health Care. (7th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier.
AIMS Education. (2015, August 27). US vs UK: Allied Healthcare at Home and Abroad. Retrieved from AIMS Education: https://aimseducation.edu/blog/us-vs-uk-allied-healthcare
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Ana Barreras Lopez
 
Differences between the UK and US Health systems
           In the United Kingdom, the health system is completely public and socialized medicine. It means that all citizens have the right to receive all the care that is needed without any cost. It results on a single payer system with a centrally governed structure, wide simpler than our system. The fundus came from taxation and that is the reason for the sales taxes are 20% and income taxes 50%; so, there is not such a thing like “free cost health care”. Also, dental care is not included and all prescriptions requires a co-payment with not exclusion (US and UK Healthcare System Comparison, 2016).
           By the other hand, United States complex health system is financed by private insurances companies, general taxation, payroll taxes, and beneficiary premium. It has created a complex, bureaucratic, administrative structure that impact negatively on the performance of the providers that expend so much time only doing paperwork and others administrative issues. But, it shows improvement on preventive care, nosocomial infections, fewer readmissions, and less time to wait to receive specialized treatment (How Does the Quality of the U.S. Healthcare System Compare to Other Countries?, 2020). 
What are key opportunities related to advocacy and politics interventions that can be done by advanced practice nurses to improve our current health system?
           Is well know that advocacy is part of the core of nursing as profession. It is not a secret that our Health System is fragmented, complex, not fair enough, with a high administrative cost and overwhelming paperwork that has a negative impact. Is important to understand all gaps, issues and possible solutions to give patients adequate choices. Nurse practitioners has the opportunity to evaluate and speak for those in need, for communities, society and themselves. It is a way to provide information, expertise and collaborate with local and state institutions in an effort to improve care and the expansion of the infrastructure (5 Ways Nurse Practitioners Can Serve as Advocates – Nursing@USC, 2020).
           Just as the educational level increases, proportionally the degree of social commitment also increases. The association of Nurse Practitioners with political activism and willingness to speak out results beneficiary for all society (Kung & Lugo, 2015). This political advocacy must be the driving force behind radical changes aimed to promote social equity, remedy injustice, and therefore emphasize the work of this profession as an agent of change. our mission is defended, support and promote a policy of safety and universal care for all individuum in the society regardless economic status or cultural level. Political advocacy is a powerful tool and should be promoted during the education of philosophy, ethics and other aspects of the profession. The union of many voices can promote change and if these voices belong to people with the relevant education and experience then the chances of success are greater. It is not just saying the difficulties but contributing to the plans for change (Cleveland et al., 2019). 
References
5 Ways Nurse Practitioners Can Serve as Advocates – Nursing@USC. (2020, September 2). USC-MSN. https://nursing.usc.edu/blog/5-ways-nurse-practitioners-can-serve-as-advocates/

Cleveland, K., Motter, T., & Smith, Y. (2019). Affordable Care: Harnessing the Power of Nurses. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol24no02man02

How does the quality of the U.S. healthcare system compare to other countries? (2020, August 20). Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker. https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/chart-collection/quality-u-s-healthcare-system-compare-countries/#item-post-op-clots-better-u-s-comparable-countries
Kung, Y. M., & Lugo, N. R. (2015). Political advocacy and practice barriers: A survey of Florida APRNs. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 27(3), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.1002/2327-6924.12142

US and UK Healthcare System Comparison. (2016, April 26). YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4Y0TKiwNgo