LLB 100WB New Trash Recycling Method Research Paper in this writing. write the proposal about the slides’s topic. (my topic is new new trash recycling meto

LLB 100WB New Trash Recycling Method Research Paper in this writing. write the proposal about the slides’s topic. (my topic is new new trash recycling metohd. IoT, and the create the road byAI) I send you an example of this assignment. please follow the example’s form. Running Head: CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
1
Abstract
With the development of society, the environment has significantly deteriorated. To achieve
sustainability, this paper will discuss how it is possible to implement a clean source of energy with
zero pollution on an island. In order to save energy and to reduce environmental pollution and
global warming caused by carbon emissions, I will discuss how to use clean energy on the island.
The clean energy that can be used on the island is tidal energy, solar energy and wind energy. First
of all, tidal energy is an inexhaustible source of renewable energy that is fuel-free, non-polluting,
unaffected by floods or dry water. Among various marine energy sources, the development and
utilization of tidal energy is the easiest and simplest to realize. Every day in the process of high
tide, the rushing seawater has great kinetic energy, and as the seawater level rises, the great kinetic
energy of seawater is transformed into potential energy; in the process of ebb tide, the seawater
rushes away and the water level gradually decreases, with the potential energy transformed into
kinetic. Thus, using tidal power is a very sensible choice. Secondly, the island is very sunny due
to being located in the tropical climatic zone. About half of the energy from the sun reaches the
surface of the earth. Therefore, if humans can learn to harness the solar energy, the annual output
of solar energy will be the sum of all non-renewable resources (coal, oil, natural gas, etc.). Finally,
the winds due to the closeness of the ocean are also an important energy source that we cannot
ignore. Wind energy is also a clean energy that can be widely used. Windmills, as we know, can
also be used both on islands and also in an off-shore installment to save land. Large wind turbines
can not only provide electricity to residents but also use in agriculture and other applications.
All in all, in the process of sustainable development, we need to use all renewable energy or clean
energy to replace fossil fuels. On an island, there is a lot of clean energy to use and these energy
sources are inexhaustible.
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
2
Clean Energy on an Island
Today, one of the most important problems of the world economy is the limited amount of
traditional fuel, which is used to satisfy human energy needs. The global energy community
regularly monitors lack of natural resources, however, in the absence of changes in this area, the
forecasts are disappointing. And while one part of the engineers and inventors are developing the
latest devices and electronic gadgets that can make our lives easier, another part of the technicians,
together with scientists, are creating innovative devices that will work on the basis of alternative
and clean energy sources.
Clean energy is a combination of methods for generating energy using renewable energy
sources. Renewable energy sources mainly include natural inexhaustible resources:
electromagnetic radiation of the sun, kinetic wind energy, tidal energy received during water
movement, thermal energy of hot energy sources, such as volcanoes, geysers, etc. In view of the
current case study of clean energy use on an island, it has been opted to consider tidal energy, solar
energy and wind energy as the most promising. This is due to several reasons:
1) during energy production from the sources listed above, minimal environmental damage
is caused;
2) clean energy is received from sources, which are inexhaustible
Tidal energy
Tidal energy is one of the oldest forms of energy used by man. One of the main conditions
for obtaining energy from hydropower is the presence of tides with an increased amplitude, the
presence of wave energy sufficient to use and develop the most powerful currents. Tidal energy is
generated by a surge of ocean water during the rise and fall of the tides. Tidal energy is a renewable
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
3
source of energy (IRENA, 2012). Tides appear due to the action of the attractive forces of the
moon and the sun. Due to its proximity to the Earth, the Moon plays a dominant role in controlling
tides and controls its cycles every day. There are not many power plants using tidal energy. The
first powerful power plant of this type was built in France with a capacity is 240 MW (IRENA,
2012).
Traditionally, to use the energy of tides, dams are built across the mouth of the river that
block the incoming and outgoing flow. Tidal power plants are environmentally friendly, reliable
and are quite predictable. Although some scholars attribute land-use changes in the area of such
turbines, changes to the flora and fauna, surface emissions of polluted waters to the operation of
tidal power plants, this can be avoided if the design of the power plant will include a single-basin
double-acting scheme (the natural cycle of the pool is maximally preserved and thereby the
environmental safety of tidal energy is guaranteed) (IRENA, 2012).
The main advantages of using tidal energy are stability and independence from
environmental conditions. The disadvantage is the cost and significant area of construction of such
installations (IRENA, 2012). Tidal energy is a renewable source of electricity that does not
produce gas emissions that contribute to global warming or acid rain that accompanies the
generation of electricity from fossil fuels. VanZwieten et al. (2006) have developed a prototype of
the connection node from the turbine to an external energy recipient through the allocation of
cables on the ocean floor.
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
4
Fig. 1. Prototype Current Turbine and Connection (VanZwieten et al., 2006)
The use of tidal energy can also reduce the need for nuclear energy and the associated
radiation risks. However, changes in tidal flows through damming of bays or estuaries can lead to
negative consequences for aquatic ecosystems and coastlines, as well as for navigation and
recreation, although at the same time this topic is much debatable with scholars being of different
opinions on the matter.
Solar Energy
The source of energy in the sun itself is thermonuclear fusion, in which hydrogen atoms,
when combined with each other, form helium. In this case, a gigantic amount of energy is released,
which is distributed in the form of radiation and reaches the Earth. This is where its conversion to
other types of energy takes place. Man has learnt to convert solar energy, for example, into
electrical energy, using photosynthesis. The sun on the scale of human civilization is an
inexhaustible source of energy. Clean energy just uses converted solar energy (Grover, 2007). Its
main advantage is that it is environmentally friendly. Traditional energy has historically been
accompanied by emissions of harmful substances, exceeding the norm of carbon dioxide in the
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
5
atmosphere, which led to the greenhouse effect and global warming. Solar radiation is directly
converted into electricity and does not lead to any emissions (Grover, 2007). However, clean
energy sources have one significant drawback. This is the instability of energy generation, which
depends on natural conditions. Industry and large metropolitan areas cannot fully rely on such an
unreliable source (Grover, 2007). Alternative energy will receive a powerful impetus for
development if it solves the problem of energy storage, and the accumulation volumes must be
gigantic, commensurate with existing hydrocarbon fuel reserves.
In order to use its energy, it is necessary to solve such issues as: to capture its largest flow,
to save and transfer heat and electricity derivatives from it without loss. Solar energy resources are
almost unlimited (Grover, 2007). Thus, according to some estimates, the amount of it that reached
the Earth’s surface in a minute is more than the energy available from all other sources during the
year. Using solar energy, the solar system can save up to 75% of the required traditional fuel per
year (Grover, 2007). The advantages of using solar energy are environmental cleanliness (lack of
CO2 emissions) and the inexhaustibility of raw materials on the one hand and a long “shelf life”.
Grover (2007) has already made calculations as to emissions avoided by displaced fuel when
harnessing the power of the sun (Table 1). This is the amount of emissions that solar power saves
the planet. The solar battery has no moving and movable parts, and can work without replacing
the working elements and without losing efficiency for a period of up to 20-25 years.
Table 1. Emissions Avoided by Displaced Fuel
Scenario
2015
Low
2015
High
Installed
PV
Capacity
(GW)
5
Natural Gas
Coal
Total
CO2
NOx
SO2
CO2
NOx
SO2
CO2
NOx
SO2
3,122,822
1,843
40
1,926,942
3,177
9,172
5,049,765
4,960
9,212
10
7,026,350
4,147
90
4,335,621
7,012
20,636
11,361,970
11,160
20,726
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
2030
Low
2030
High
6
70
42,938,805 25,345
551
26,495,459 42,853 126,111
69,434,264
68,198 126,662
100
62,456,444 36,865
801
38,538,849 62,332 183,434 100,995,293 99,197 184,235
Wind Energy
The use of wind energy around the world is gradually being developed as this is a promising
area of “clean” energy based on an inexhaustible natural resource. Due to the uneven heating of
the earth’s surface and air masses by solar energy, the air masses are in constant motion (IRENA,
2017). Heated air, which has a lower density, moves both in the vertical and horizontal directions.
The constant movement of air masses directly in the horizontal direction is the wind that has kinetic
energy. Using specialized installations, the reserves of this energy can be converted into
mechanical energy. Thus, every year more wind generators are installed in the world, and there is
a tendency towards the further spread of technology. Wind turbines operate due to the aerodynamic
forces arising on the blades of a wind wheel when air flows on them (IRENA, 2017). As well as
on the wings of an airplane, on the blades of a wind wheel there is a lifting force and a surface
drag force. Lifting force creates a torque on a wind wheel. In order to use wind energy more
efficiently, the aerodynamic profile is attached to the blades of the wind wheel (Jaber, 2013). Thus,
the placement of wind turbines in the off-shore position, will not only save land, but will also have
the island with an electricity generating facility in one of the windiest area of the planet (Jaber,
2013).
There are multiple benefits to opt for this source of clean energy.
1. In the process of operation of a wind power plant, harmful emissions are completely
absent. This means that there are no any greenhouse gases, nor any production waste whatsoever.
That is, the technology is environmentally friendly (IRENA, 2017).
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
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2. The wind turbine installation does not use water for its work.
3. The wind turbine and the main working parts of such generators are located at a
considerable height above the ground. The mast, on which the wind turbine is installed, occupies
a small area on the ground, therefore, the surrounding space can be successfully used for household
needs, various buildings and structures, for example, for agriculture, can be placed there (IRENA,
2017).
4. The use of wind generators is especially justified for isolated territories, where electricity
cannot be delivered by conventional methods, and autonomous provision for such territories is
perhaps the only way out (IRENA, 2017).
5. After the commissioning of a wind farm, the cost per kilowatt hour of the electricity
generated in this way is significantly reduced. For example, in the United States they specifically
investigate the operation of newly installed stations, optimize these systems, and thus manage to
reduce the cost of electricity for consumers up to 20 times from the initial cost (IRENA, 2017).
7. Maintenance during operation is minimal (Jaber, 2013).
Conclusion
The island has a favorable position where one can implement various programs of clean
energy generation. The ocean tidal energy, solar radiation, and the wind power are consistent and
will supply the island covering 100% of the needs in energy.
CLEAN ENERGY ON AN ISLAND
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Reference
Grover, S. (2007). Energy, Economic, and Environmental Benefits of the Solar America Initiative,
NREL | National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Accessed November 25th 2019 at
https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy07osti/41998.pdf
IRENA. (2014). Tidal energy, technology brief 3. International Renewable Energy Agency.
Accessed
25th
November
2019
at
https://www.irena.org/documentdownloads/publications/tidal_energy_v4_web.pdf
IRENA. (2017). Renewable Energy Benefits | Leveraging Local Capacity for Offshore Wind.
International
Renewable
Energy
Agency,
Accessed
November
25th
2019
at
https://www.irena.org//media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2018/May/IRENA_Leveraging_for_Offshore_
Wind_2018.pdf
Jaber, S. (2013). Environmental Impacts of Wind Energy, Journal of Clean Energy Technologies,
1, 3.
VanZwieten, J., Driscoll F.R., Leonessa A., and Deane G. (2006). Design of a prototype ocean
current turbine—Part I: mathematical modeling and dynamics simulation, Ocean
Engineering, 33, 11-12.
Ziyan Zhang
Chenge Li
Scope
Target: Establish a new garbage sorting
system
Goal: Solving the problem of excess waste
Plan:Design a new garbage collection
system, focusing on waste reclassification,
garbage collection methods, waste disposal
methods and land analysis
Background
Permanent
residents
5.74million
·Population
Floating population
2.46 million
growing rapidly
·Disadvantage of the previous garbage sorting system
·Environment and resident health
·Other countries in the world are actively carrying out waste sorting
Excessive waste production, end disposal
Stress surge
➢ Overload treatment of
some waste treatment
bases reaches 45%
Project design -Internet of Things (IoT) in waste
-What is the Internet of Things（loT)
-It Enhances Device Communication
-It Gathers Useful Data
-It Spreads Out Information
Illustration of IoT-based Smart garbage sorting system collection/ disposal
procedure (Chaware et.al, 2017)
Three types of domestic waste
recyclable
trash
Wet trash
dry trash
Suitable for recycling
and recyclable domestic
waste
Perishable biomass
waste
Domestic waste other
than recyclables,
hazardous waste, and
wet waste
Project design –Header Smart Garbage Bin
-The smart Garbage bins will have Radio frequency identification (RFID) readers.
-Collect information of its region Smart Garbage bins share it
-Sending staff to check and fix the malfunction
IoT-based smart garbage bin with Radio Frequency Identification RFID readers ((Phithakkitnukoon et al, 2013).
Project design – tracking and monitoring strategies.
–
-IoT-based smart new garbage sorting system will
automatically generate the most efficient route based on AI
-Acquire and collect relevant data and transmits it to the
administrator server.
-Reduces any unnecessary trips that would otherwise be if
there was no tracking
Project design -Waste treatment method
recyclable
trash
Suitable for recycling
and recyclable domestic
waste
After collecting the recyclables, they can be
sold directly to the waste recycling station,
and then entered various resource utilization
enterprises
After the wet waste is collected
centrally, it will be sent to various wet
waste resource utilization plants to
make organic fertilizer or biogas for
power generation.
Wet trash
Perishable biomass
waste
For dry waste, this system breaks down dry
waste and places it in the right place.
dry trash
Domestic waste other
than recyclables,
hazardous waste, and
wet waste
Environmental restoration
-Land composition analysis
-Targeted processing
Q&A
Reference
Phithakkitnukoon, S., Wolf, M. I., Offenhuber, D., Lee, D., Biderman, A., & Ratti, C. (2013). Tracking trash. IEEE Pervasive
Computing, 12(2), 38-48.
Pardini, K., Rodrigues, J. J., Kozlov, S. A., Kumar, N., & Furtado, V. (2019). IoT-based solid waste management solutions: a
survey. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, 8(1), 5.
Ravale, U., Khade, A., Patel, N., & Chaure, S. (2017, September). SMART TRASH: An Efficient Way for Monitoring Solid Waste
Management. In 2017 International Conference on Current Trends in Computer, Electrical, Electronics and Communication
(CTCEEC) (pp. 1135-1137). IEEE.
Luttrell, P., Drummonds, M., Ervin, M., Slider, J., Weeks, E., Biernacki, J., … & Wilson, C. (2008, July). MEMS Design Course
Solutions to the Tennessee Trash Problem. In 2008
17th Biennial University/Government/Industry Micro/Nano Symposium (pp.
200-202). IEEE.
Kawamura, Y., & Suzuki, H. (2005, December). Environmental Benefit of Waste Home Appliance Recycling II-A Trial to Reduce
Environmental Loads. In 2005 4th
International Symposium on Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing
(pp. 913-917). IEEE.
Chaware, P. D. S. M., Dighe, S., Joshi, A., Bajare, N., & Korke, R. (2017). Smart garbage
monitoring system using Internet of
Things (IoT). Ijireeice, 5(1), 74-77.
Zackarias,R., & Sangeetha,B.(2018). A Survey on Smart Waste Management Systems.
International Journal for Research in
Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor :6.887 Vl 6.
Reference
Abdel-Shafy, H. I., & Mansour, M. S. (2018). Solid waste issue: Sources, composition, disposal,
recycling, and valorization. Egyptian journal of
Ahsan, A., Alamgir, M., El-Sergany, M. M., Shams, S., Rowshon, M. K., & Daud, N. N. (2014).
Assessment of municipal solid waste manageme
Hickey, M. E., & Ozbay, G. (2014). Food waste in the United States: A contributing factor
toward environmental instability. Frontiers in Enviro

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